Asterism is a phenomenon found in gem-stones, like the star-sapphire. It is generated by reflections of light from twin-lamellae or from extremely fine needle-shaped acicular inclusions within the stone's crystal structure. A common cause is oriented sub-microscopic crystals of rutile (TiO2) within the gem mineral. So gimstjörnumálmur (gem-star-metal) is "titanium".
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